The modern cultivated/garden strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa (Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier is one of the most important economic fruit crops worldwide (Simpson 2018). Worldwide, there are more than 25 described species, including wild species and many hybrids and cultivars (Potter et al. The genus Fragaria, better known as strawberry, belongs in the plant family Rosaceae and is well known for its edible fruits (Hancock 1999). Although the phylogenetic relationships and species composition of the majority of commonly encountered pathogenic genera are known, much work remains to be done concerning more obscure taxa from various geographic locations around the world (Zhang and Blackwell 2001 Rossman et al.
2002 Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2007 Rossman et al.
It currently contains approximately 31 families supported by molecular data, with many recent additions and segregations of genera and families within the order (Castlebury et al. 2011, 2015 Shuttleworth and Guest 2017 Senanayake et al. The order comprises many destructive plant pathogens causing diseases on various crops, ornamental plants and forest trees, as well as numerous endophytic and saprobic fungal species (Udayanga et al. The order Diaporthales is one of the largest and best-defined orders in the Sordariomycetes (Castlebury et al. An updated multilocus phylogeny for the Diaporthales is provided with representatives of currently known families. Fresh collections and new molecular data were incorporated for Paragnomonia fragariae ( Sydowiellaceae), which causes petiole blight and root rot of strawberry and is distinct from the above taxa. Both of the fungi causing leaf blight and leaf blotch were epitypified. ( Gnomoniaceae), is introduced to accommodate Gnomoniopsis fructicola, the cause of leaf blotch of strawberry. A new genus Paraphomopsis is introduced herein with a new combination, Paraphomopsis obscurans, to accommodate the leaf blight fungus. Phomopsis) or any other known genus in the order. Results confirmed that the leaf blight pathogen formerly known as Phomopsis obscurans belongs in the family Melanconiellaceae and not with Diaporthe (syn. Combined analyses of four nuclear loci, 28S ribosomal DNA/large subunit rDNA ( LSU), ribosomal internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 with 5.8S ribosomal DNA ( ITS), partial sequences of second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-α ( TEF1), were used to reconstruct a phylogeny for these pathogens. In this study, we reassessed the diaporthalean species associated with prominent diseases of strawberry, namely leaf blight, leaf blotch, root rot and petiole blight, based on molecular data and morphological characters using fresh and herbarium collections. Phytopathogenic fungi in the order Diaporthales ( Sordariomycetes) cause diseases on numerous economically important crops worldwide.
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